#ifndef PIT_RUNTIME_H
#define PIT_RUNTIME_H

#include "types.h"
#include "utils.h"
#include "lexer.h"

struct pit_runtime;

/* arenas */
typedef struct {
    i64 elem_size, capacity, next;
    u8 data[1]; /* flexible array member */
} pit_arena;
pit_arena *pit_arena_new(i64 capacity, i64 elem_size);
i32 pit_arena_next_idx(pit_arena *a);
i32 pit_arena_alloc_idx(pit_arena *a);
i32 pit_arena_alloc_bulk_idx(pit_arena *a, i64 num);
void *pit_arena_idx(pit_arena *a, i32 idx);
void *pit_arena_alloc(pit_arena *a);
void *pit_arena_alloc_bulk(pit_arena *a, i64 num);

/* nil is always the symbol with index 0 */
#define PIT_NIL 0xfff4000000000000 /* 0b1111111111110100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 */

enum pit_value_sort {
    PIT_VALUE_SORT_DOUBLE  = 0, /* 0b00 - double */
    PIT_VALUE_SORT_INTEGER = 1, /* 0b01 - NaN-boxed 49-bit integer */
    PIT_VALUE_SORT_SYMBOL  = 2, /* 0b10 - NaN-boxed index into symbol table */
    PIT_VALUE_SORT_REF     = 3  /* 0b11 - NaN-boxed index into "heavy object" arena */
};
typedef i32 pit_symbol; /* a symbol at runtime is an index into the runtime's symbol table */
typedef i32 pit_ref; /* a reference is an index into the runtime's arena */
typedef u64 pit_value;
enum pit_value_sort pit_value_sort(pit_value v);
u64 pit_value_data(pit_value v);

typedef struct {
    i64 top, cap;
    pit_value data[1]; /* flexible array member */
} pit_values;
pit_values *pit_values_new(i64 capacity);
void pit_values_push(struct pit_runtime *rt, pit_values *s, pit_value x);
pit_value pit_values_pop(struct pit_runtime *rt, pit_values *s);

typedef pit_value (*pit_nativefunc)(struct pit_runtime *rt, pit_value args);
typedef struct { /* "heavy" values, the targets of refs */
    enum pit_value_heavy_sort {
        PIT_VALUE_HEAVY_SORT_CELL=0, /* value cell - basically, a "location" referred to by a variable binding */
        PIT_VALUE_HEAVY_SORT_CONS, /* cons cell - a pair of two values */
        PIT_VALUE_HEAVY_SORT_ARRAY, /* fixed-size array of values */
        PIT_VALUE_HEAVY_SORT_BYTES, /* bytestring */
        PIT_VALUE_HEAVY_SORT_FUNC, /* Lisp closure */
        PIT_VALUE_HEAVY_SORT_NATIVEFUNC /* native function */
    } hsort;
    union {
        pit_value cell;
        struct { pit_value car, cdr; } cons;
        struct { pit_value *data; i64 len; } array;
        struct { u8 *data; i64 len; } bytes;
        struct { pit_value env; pit_value args; pit_value body; } func;
        pit_nativefunc nativefunc;
    } in;
} pit_value_heavy;

typedef struct {
    pit_value name; /* ref to bytestring */
    pit_value value; /* ref to cell */
    pit_value function; /* ref to cell */
    bool is_macro, is_special_form;
} pit_symtab_entry;

/* "programs"; vectors of "instructions" for a very simple VM used by the evaluator */
typedef struct {
    enum {
        EVAL_PROGRAM_ENTRY_LITERAL,
        EVAL_PROGRAM_ENTRY_APPLY
    } sort;
    union {
        pit_value literal;
        i64 apply; /* arity of application */
    } in;
} pit_runtime_eval_program_entry;
typedef struct {
    i64 top, cap;
    pit_runtime_eval_program_entry data[1]; /* flexible array member */
} pit_runtime_eval_program;
pit_runtime_eval_program *pit_runtime_eval_program_new(i64 capacity);
void pit_runtime_eval_program_push_literal(struct pit_runtime *rt, pit_runtime_eval_program *s, pit_value x);
void pit_runtime_eval_program_push_apply(struct pit_runtime *rt, pit_runtime_eval_program *s, i64 arity);

typedef struct pit_runtime {
    /* interpreter state */
    pit_arena *values; /* all heavy values - effectively an array of pit_value_heavy - MUTABLE! */
    pit_arena *bytes; /* all bytestrings (including symbol names) - immutable */
    pit_arena *symtab; i64 symtab_len; /* all symbols - effectively an array of pit_symtab_entry - MUTABLE! */
    /* temporary/"scratch" memory */
    pit_arena *scratch; /* temporary arena used during parsing and evaluation */
    pit_values *saved_bindings; /* stack used to save old values of bindings to be restored ("shallow binding") */
    pit_values *expr_stack; /* stack of subexpressions to evaluate during evaluation */
    pit_values *result_stack; /* stack of intermediate values during evaluation */
    pit_runtime_eval_program *program; /* intermediate stack-based program constructed during evaluation */
    /* bookkeeping */
    /* "frozen" values offsets: values before these offsets are immutable, and we can reset here later */
    i64 frozen_values, frozen_bytes, frozen_symtab;
    pit_value error; /* error value - if this is non-nil, an error has occured! only tracks the first error */
    i64 source_line, source_column; /* for error reporting only; line and column of token start */
    i64 error_line, error_column; /* line and column of token start at time of error */
} pit_runtime;
pit_runtime *pit_runtime_new(void);

void pit_runtime_freeze(pit_runtime *rt); /* freeze the runtime at the current point - everything currently defined becomes immutable */
void pit_runtime_reset(pit_runtime *rt); /* restore the runtime to the frozen point, resetting everything that has happened since */
bool pit_runtime_print_error(pit_runtime *rt); /* return true if an error has occured, and print to stderr */

i64 pit_dump(pit_runtime *rt, char *buf, i64 len, pit_value v, bool readable); /* if readable is true, try to produce output that can be machine-read (quotes on strings, etc) */
#define pit_trace(rt, v) pit_trace_(rt, "Trace [" __FILE__ ":" PIT_STR(__LINE__) "] %s\n", v)
void pit_trace_(pit_runtime *rt, const char *format, pit_value v);
void pit_error(pit_runtime *rt, const char *format, ...);

/* working with small values */
pit_value pit_value_new(pit_runtime *rt, enum pit_value_sort s, u64 data);
double pit_as_double(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value v);
pit_value pit_double_new(pit_runtime *rt, double d);
i64 pit_as_integer(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value v);
pit_value pit_integer_new(pit_runtime *rt, i64 i);
pit_symbol pit_as_symbol(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value v);
pit_value pit_symbol_new(pit_runtime *rt, pit_symbol s);
pit_ref pit_as_ref(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value v);
pit_value pit_ref_new(pit_runtime *rt, pit_ref r);

/* working with heavy values and refs */
pit_value pit_heavy_new(pit_runtime *rt);
pit_value_heavy *pit_deref(pit_runtime *rt, pit_ref p);

/* convenient predicates */
bool pit_is_integer(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value a);
bool pit_is_double(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value a);
bool pit_is_symbol(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value a);
bool pit_is_value_heavy_sort(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value a, enum pit_value_heavy_sort e);
bool pit_is_cell(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value a);
bool pit_is_cons(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value a);
bool pit_is_array(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value a);
bool pit_is_bytes(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value a);
bool pit_is_func(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value a);
bool pit_is_nativefunc(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value a);
bool pit_eq(pit_value a, pit_value b);
bool pit_equal(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value a, pit_value b);

/* working with binary data */
pit_value pit_bytes_new(pit_runtime *rt, u8 *buf, i64 len);
pit_value pit_bytes_new_cstr(pit_runtime *rt, char *s);
pit_value pit_bytes_new_file(pit_runtime *rt, char *path);
bool pit_bytes_match(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value v, u8 *buf, i64 len);
i64 pit_as_bytes(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value v, u8 *buf, i64 maxlen);
bool pit_lexer_from_bytes(pit_runtime *rt, pit_lexer *ret, pit_value v);
pit_value pit_read_bytes(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value v);

/* working with the symbol table */
pit_value pit_intern(pit_runtime *rt, u8 *nm, i64 len);
pit_value pit_intern_cstr(pit_runtime *rt, char *nm);
bool pit_symbol_name_match(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym, u8 *buf, i64 len);
bool pit_symbol_name_match_cstr(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym, char *s);
pit_symtab_entry *pit_symtab_lookup(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym);
pit_value pit_get_value_cell(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym);
pit_value pit_get_function_cell(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym);
pit_value pit_get(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym);
void pit_set(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym, pit_value v);
pit_value pit_fget(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym);
void pit_fset(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym, pit_value v);
bool pit_is_symbol_macro(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym);
void pit_symbol_is_macro(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym);
void pit_mset(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym, pit_value v);
bool pit_is_symbol_special_form(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym);
void pit_symbol_is_special_form(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym);
void pit_sfset(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym, pit_value v);
void pit_bind(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym, pit_value v);
pit_value pit_unbind(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value sym);

/* working with cells */
pit_value pit_cell_new(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value v);
pit_value pit_cell_get(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value cell);
void pit_cell_set(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value cell, pit_value v);

/* working with cons cells */
pit_value pit_cons(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value car, pit_value cdr);
pit_value pit_list(pit_runtime *rt, i64 num, ...);
pit_value pit_car(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value v);
pit_value pit_cdr(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value v);
void pit_setcar(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value v, pit_value x);
void pit_setcdr(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value v, pit_value x);
pit_value pit_append(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value xs, pit_value ys);
pit_value pit_reverse(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value xs);
pit_value pit_contains_eq(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value needle, pit_value haystack);

/* working with functions */
pit_value pit_free_vars(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value args, pit_value body);
pit_value pit_lambda(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value args, pit_value body);
pit_value pit_nativefunc_new(pit_runtime *rt, pit_nativefunc f);
pit_value pit_apply(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value f, pit_value args);

/* evaluation! */
pit_value pit_expand_macros(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value top);
pit_value pit_eval(pit_runtime *rt, pit_value e);

#endif